Azam Mansoori; Mehregan Ebrahimi; Ali Gholamhosseini; Hamid Reza Esmaeili
Abstract
The karyological and cytological characteristics of an endemic cyprinodont fish of Iran, Aphanius shirini have been investigated for the first time by examining metaphase chromosomes spreads obtained from gill epithelial and kidney cells. The diploid chromosome number of this species is 48. The karyotype ...
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The karyological and cytological characteristics of an endemic cyprinodont fish of Iran, Aphanius shirini have been investigated for the first time by examining metaphase chromosomes spreads obtained from gill epithelial and kidney cells. The diploid chromosome number of this species is 48. The karyotype consisted of one submetacentric and 23 subtelocentric pairs of chromosomes (2Sm + 46St). The chromosome arm number (NF) is 50. Sex chromosomes were cytologically indistinguishable in this tooth-carp. Based on the present and previous reported diploid chromosome number for other cyprinodont species, it can be suggested that the diploid chromosome number of 2n = 48 is the modal number of the cyprinodont fish.
Hamideh Javadi
Abstract
Chromosome numbers in 19 populations of Tanacetum polycephalum and Tanacetum parthenium from natural resources gene bank, that collected from different regions of Iran, were determined for the first time. The samples prepared by using root tips. After pretreatment, fixation, hydrolysis and staining, ...
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Chromosome numbers in 19 populations of Tanacetum polycephalum and Tanacetum parthenium from natural resources gene bank, that collected from different regions of Iran, were determined for the first time. The samples prepared by using root tips. After pretreatment, fixation, hydrolysis and staining, the microscopic samples prepared by squash method, metaphases were captured using an optical microscope. The best metaphases plates were selected and used for karyotype analyses. In all of populations the basic chromosome number was x=9 and the populations showed two ploidy levels (diploid & tetraploid). The type of the most chromosomes in all of the populations was metacentric (m) and sub-metacentric (sm) and located in 2A and 2B except for T. parthenium (Yazd, Taft) with 5m+3sm+1st karyotype formula and 2C Stebbins classes. In addition, T. polycephalum (Esfahan, Golpayegan) with the highest value of AR and A1 had karyotype heterogeneity, also T. polycephalum (Esfahan, Golpayegan) and T. polycephalum (West-Azerbaijan, Uromeyeh) had the highest value of chromosome length (TL). Detailed karyotype allows us to group the different populations based on Stebbins classes and asymmetry indices.
Alireza Mirzaei; Sara Dezhsetan; Gholamreza Kavoosi; Mahdi Behnamian
Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana bertoni is a plant with sweetening properties. This medicinal plant is perennial and from Asteraceae family. Its leaves contain glycoside compounds of a sugar part and non-sugar sectors. One of the glycosides compounds is RebaudiosideA which has a greater importance in market. Several ...
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Stevia rebaudiana bertoni is a plant with sweetening properties. This medicinal plant is perennial and from Asteraceae family. Its leaves contain glycoside compounds of a sugar part and non-sugar sectors. One of the glycosides compounds is RebaudiosideA which has a greater importance in market. Several key regulating genes including copalyl diphosphate synthase (CPPS) (AF034545.1), geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGDPS) (DQ432013.3), (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate synthase (HDS) (FJ755689.1), UDP glucosyltranserase 85C2(UGT85C2)(AY345978.1), UDPglucosyltranserase–74G1 (UGT74G1) (AY345982.1) and UDP glucosyltranserase–76G1 (UGT76G1) (KC631816.1) are involved in the biosynthesis Rebaudioside A. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of silver oxide Ag2O on the mRNA level of these genes in the stevia rebaudiana. The experiments repeated 3 times and with concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 µM. Increasing concentrations of 50 micromoles of silver oxide up to 100 micromoles leads to an increase in the expression levels of all the studied genes. Also according to the expression profile of these genes and the results of HPLC there is a significant increase on the expression level of the genes and production of RebaudiosideA under Ag2O treatment. In general, it was found that increasing the concentration of Ag2O can lead to an increase in the level of mRNA for the chosen genes. On the other hand, the low expression of the genes studied under control conditions (No Treatment), compared to the treatment with Ag2O, revealed that the treatment can lead to higher sweetener glycoside components in the Stevia leaves. The physiological assay showed that Ag2O treatment in concentrations of 100 and 200 µM have more positive effect on chlorophyll, protein, carbohydrates and carotenoids in Stevia.
Jamal Asgarpour; Jamshid Mehrzad; Seyyed Abbas Tabatabaei Yazdi
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) binding to the 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), affect several cellular mechanisms such as translation, differentiation, tumorigenesis, carcinogenesis and apoptosis. The occurrence of genetic polymorphisms in 3'-UTRs of target genes affect the binding affinity ...
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) binding to the 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), affect several cellular mechanisms such as translation, differentiation, tumorigenesis, carcinogenesis and apoptosis. The occurrence of genetic polymorphisms in 3'-UTRs of target genes affect the binding affinity of miRNAs with the target genes resulting in their altered expression. The current case control study of 100 samples (50% cancer patients and 50% health persons as control) was aimed to evaluate the genotyping of microRNA single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located at the binding site of the 3' UTR of C14orf101 (rs4901706) and mir-124 (- rs531564) genes and their correlations with gastric cancer (GC) development. The Statistical analysis results indicated the significant association of AG development risk with the SNPs located in the 3'-UTR of C14orf101 and mir-124. It could be concluded from the results that these genes are associated with the gastric adenocarcinoma.
Touraj Rahimi; Ali Niazi; Seyed Mohsen Taghavi; Esmaeil Ebrahimie; Shahab Ayatollahi; Tahereh Deihimi
Abstract
The isolation of native microorganism that produced biosurfactants in order to oil pollutants bioremediation and hydrophobic oil hydrocarbons availability inter soil texture has become important issues in bioremediation technology. Surfactin is one of the biosurfactants with more application that produced ...
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The isolation of native microorganism that produced biosurfactants in order to oil pollutants bioremediation and hydrophobic oil hydrocarbons availability inter soil texture has become important issues in bioremediation technology. Surfactin is one of the biosurfactants with more application that produced by Bacillus subtilis strains could overcome these problems. Thus in this study, we investigated operon which involved in surfactin biosynthesis and its regulator comQXPA operon due to a high level of surfactin biosynthesis by B. subtilis MJ01 isolated from oil contaminated soil based on comparative genomics approaches. Surfactin operon localized and compared among six genomes of close relative strains and MJ01 indicated that missense point mutations on genes of surfactin operon were existence. These mutations affected NPRS protein AMP-binding domain that responsible to bind amino acid to correct the situation on surfactin peptide ring. It seems that lack of hemolytic and anti-microbial function of MJ01 surfactin was due to the creation of missense mutation and modifications in the surfactin biosynthesis NPRS enzyme structure. Moreover, srf genes expression regulated by comQXPA quorum sensing operon. MJ01 Quorum sensing operon rearrangement showed that part of the comQ gene was extended into comX gene and these genes had overlap region. Results suggested that in MJ01 genome has been occurred specific combination of QS genes organization. Despite high similarity of three genes comQXP among MJ01 with BEST7613 and other subtilis strains group, comA gene showed high identity with spizizenii strains group.
Tahereh Deihimi; Esmaeil Ebrahimie; Ali Niazi; Mansour Ebrahimi; Shahab Ayatollahi; Ahmad Tahmasebi; Touraj Rahimi; Moein Jahanbani Veshareh
Abstract
Applying microorganism in oil recovery has attracted attentions recently. Surfactin produced by Bacillus subtilis is widely used industrially in a range of industrial applications in pharmecutical and environmental sectors. Little information about molecular mechanism of suffactin compound is available. ...
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Applying microorganism in oil recovery has attracted attentions recently. Surfactin produced by Bacillus subtilis is widely used industrially in a range of industrial applications in pharmecutical and environmental sectors. Little information about molecular mechanism of suffactin compound is available. In this study, we performed promoter and network analysis of surfactin production genes in Bacillus subtilis subsp. MJ01 (isolated from oil contaminated soil in South of Iran), spizizenii and 168. Our analysis revealed that comQ and comX are the genes with sequence alterations among these three strains of Bacillus subtilis and are involved in surfactin production. Promoter analysis indicated that lrp, argR, rpoD, purr and ihf are overrepresented and have the highest number of transcription factor binding sites (TFBs) on the key surfactin production genes in all 3 strains. Also the pattern of TFBs among these three strains was completely different. Interestingly, there is distinct difference between 168, spizizenii and MJ01 in their frequency of TFs that activate genes involve in surfactin production. Attribute weighting algorithms and decision tree analysis revealed ihf, rpoD and flHCD as the most important TF among surfactin production. Network analysis identified two significant network modules. The first one consists of key genes involved in surfactin production and the second module includes key TFs, involved in regulation of surfactin production. Our findings enhance understanding the molecular mechanism of surfactin production through systems biology analysis.
