Zahra Jomehzadeh; Farhang Haddad; Maryam M. Matin; Shokouhozaman Soleymanifard
Abstract
There are several studies suggesting the role of aneuploidy in tumor formation. Aneuploid cells are different from normal ones in term of gene expression and proteome. Cells with different amount and kind of proteins might act differently to external stimuli, including ionizing irradiation. ...
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There are several studies suggesting the role of aneuploidy in tumor formation. Aneuploid cells are different from normal ones in term of gene expression and proteome. Cells with different amount and kind of proteins might act differently to external stimuli, including ionizing irradiation. Currently, radiotherapy is one of the main methods in fight against cancer, therefore, it is important to understand the response of the aneuploidy-tumor cells to irradiation. To investigate the chromosomal effect of gamma irradiation on aneuploid cells, L929 cells were treated with 1.5 ng.ml-1 of vinblastine to induce aneuploidy. Vinblastine-treated cells were left to recover for 72 h and irradiated with 1 Gy of gamma radiation. Induced chromosomal damages were investigated using micronucleus (Mn) assay. Data showed that vinblastine and gamma irradiation both were able to significantly increase micronucleated-binucleated cells (MnBi) frequency. However, 1 Gy gamma irradiation of the cells after 72 h of vinblastine treatment led to the lower frequency of MnBi compared to irradiated cells. Results of this study suggest that vinblastine treatment of cells before irradiation not only did not sensitize the cells to radiation-induced chromosomal abnormalities, but also had radio-protective effect for these cells. This result could be useful in planning cancer therapy regimes.
Farahnaz Molavi; Jamshid Darvish; Farhang Haddad; Maryam M. Matin
Abstract
Cytotaxonomy is a branch of cytogenetics, devoted to the comparative study of karyological features for systematic and evolutionary purposes. Surely, awareness of chromosomal characters increases our knowledge in different fields of studies. In this study, cytogenetic analyses were performed in 92 Mus ...
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Cytotaxonomy is a branch of cytogenetics, devoted to the comparative study of karyological features for systematic and evolutionary purposes. Surely, awareness of chromosomal characters increases our knowledge in different fields of studies. In this study, cytogenetic analyses were performed in 92 Mus musculus specimens from 26 localities in Iran. Cytogenetic characteristics of the house mouse, Mus musculus, in Iran show that the chromosome number is 2n=40 and the arm number is NF=40. The karyotyping results indicated the presence of 20 Acrocentric (A) chromosome pairs. The L/S (r ratio) was between 2.0621 and 4.5862. The length of shortest chromosome, length of longest chromosome and mean of chromosomal length in different populations were between 2-3.58, 6.07-7.01 and 3.43-5.05 (μm), respectively. The results showed two distinct karyotypic formulae, namely cytotype B and cytotype C. Asymmetry indexes (AI, DI, As%, A, A2, A1 and Syi%) in all population except Birjand and Khash showed symmetry in chromosomes. In clustering methods using the matrix of symmetrical indexes similarities, four clusters were revealed, one for specimens of central and east of Iran, the second cluster for specimens from south and west of Iran, the third cluster was related to the eight specimens of Birjand and finally, the fourth cluster for two specimens of Khash locality
Habib Rezanejad; Farhang Haddad; Zahra Soheila Soheili; Maryam M. Matin; Shahram Samiei; Sepideh Zununi Vahed
Abstract
Glaucoma remains one of the major causes of blindness in today's world. The progressive field of stem cell proposes an exciting potential for discovering novel therapies. Here, we report the development of an easy and high throughput method for differentiation of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) and bipolar ...
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Glaucoma remains one of the major causes of blindness in today's world. The progressive field of stem cell proposes an exciting potential for discovering novel therapies. Here, we report the development of an easy and high throughput method for differentiation of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) and bipolar cells from human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) using PAX6 (+5a) gene expression, a master gene in development of the vertebrate visual system. HADSCs was isolated from fat tissues and confirmed by their surface markers and differentiation potential into adipocytes and osteocytes lineages. Then, the coding region of human PAX6 (+5a) gene was cloned and lentiviral particles were produced. HADSCs differentiation was characterized by morphological characteristics, qRT-PCR and immunocytochemistry (ICC). The hADSCs were isolated successfully with high yield and purity (99%). After 30 hours post transduction by pLEX-pax6- pur lentiviral vectors in fibronectin supplemented medium, cells gradually showed the characteristic morphology of neuronal cells. QRT- PCR and ICC confirmed deriving of mainly RGC and marginally bipolar cells. The current investigation demonstrates the feasibility of differentiation of RGCs and bipolar cells from hADSCs using expression of PAX6 (+5a) in the medium supplemented by fibronectin.
Farhang Haddad; Vajiheh Golami; Maliheh Pirayesh Shirazi-Nejad
Abstract
Due to the wide range of applications for ozone and its increasing use for medical and industrial purposes, studying its effects has become a very important line of research. The ozone has been suspected to be a carsinogen. Because of the increasing use of ozone, the human could be more and more exposed ...
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Due to the wide range of applications for ozone and its increasing use for medical and industrial purposes, studying its effects has become a very important line of research. The ozone has been suspected to be a carsinogen. Because of the increasing use of ozone, the human could be more and more exposed to this gas. In this study the effects of ozone inhalation on chromosomes and its clastogenic consequences have been investigated using in vivo micronucleus assay in bone marrow cells of treated rats.
Animals were treated for 6 hours a day at 3 ppm of ozone during 10 consecutive days. The micronucleus assay was performed immediately and 11 days after the last exposure. The frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte of bone marrow (MNPCE) increased in both groups compared to the control. Such increase confirmed the clastogenic effects of ozone. The elevated frequency of MNPCE did not decrease after 11 days of the last ozone exposure.
Results indicate that ozone inhalation could induce persistent chromosomal damages even to bone marrow cells which were not in direct contact to it. Also, once more, the results confirmed the usefulness of the micronucleus assay in toxicological studies.
Farhang Haddad; Ali Moghimi; Abbas Salmani; Mohammad Farhad Rahimi; Mohammad Reza Gawam-Nasiri
Abstract
Study of the different aspects of protection against the exposure of ionizing radiation has always been an
active area of research. High cost and toxicity of radioprotective drugs have limited their use. So, search for
new drugs with a high degree of protection and lower cost and side effects seem ...
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Study of the different aspects of protection against the exposure of ionizing radiation has always been an
active area of research. High cost and toxicity of radioprotective drugs have limited their use. So, search for
new drugs with a high degree of protection and lower cost and side effects seem a necessity. In this study
radioprotective effect of aqueous as well as alcoholic extracts of the Mann of Cotoneaster nummularia(
Shirkhesht), regarding their high accessibility and possibly low side effects, against 2 Gy Gamma irradiation,
was analyzed using micronucleus assay on bone marrow cells of male mice (Balb/c). Different doses of 250,
500, 1000 mg/kg/BW for aqueous and 3750, 7500, 15000 mg/kg/BW for alcoholic extract of Shirkhesht were
administered IP for five constitutive days prior to 2 Gy gamma irradiation. The result compared with the
known radioprotective effect of vitamin E after the same treatment schedule. High frequency of micronucleus
was observed in non treated gamma-exposed mice, which represented the clastogenic effect of irradiation.
Vitamin E, aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Shirkhesht treated mice represented a 5.56, 3.32 and 2.1 times
decrease in the gamma-induced micronucleus frequency respectively. The data suggest a radioprotective effect
of shirhkesht compared to vitamin E.
