Narges ZadehRashki; Zahra Shahmohammadi; ZahraSadat Damrodi; Sohrab Boozarpour; Arezou Negahdari; Nazanin Mansour Moshtaghi; Mehdi Vakilinejad; Shaaban Ghalandarayeshi
Abstract
Cancer is a disorder of growth control and cell differentiation caused by the abnormal expression of multiple genes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators of numerous biological processes, especially in the development of diseases. Abnormal expression of some lncRNAs causes disease, ...
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Cancer is a disorder of growth control and cell differentiation caused by the abnormal expression of multiple genes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators of numerous biological processes, especially in the development of diseases. Abnormal expression of some lncRNAs causes disease, especially cancer, and disease resistance. lncRNAs may act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors and can be used as diagnostic or prognostic markers, and may also have therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. Studies show that many lncRNAs have different effects on cell activity by regulating multiple downstream targets, such as signaling pathways that are signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3). The STAT3 signaling pathway is one of the most critical pathways in developing various diseases, including cancer, which plays a vital role in cellular processes, disease onset and progression, and stem cell regeneration by regulating its target genes. STAT3 has been proven to be an anticancer target in various contexts. Types of genes can activate the STAT3 pathway in cancer. Many lncRNAs have been identified associated with the STAT3 pathway that is upstream or downstream. Oncogenic lncRNAs, including PVT1, HOTAIRM1, and MCM3AP-AS1, increase STAT3 expression, while tumor suppressor lncRNAs, such as TSLNC8, TPTEP1, and DILC decrease STAT3 expression. These lncRNAs can affect STAT3 signaling activity through numerous molecular mechanisms, including sponge of microRNAs, transcriptional activation/inhibition, and epigenetic alterations. Numerous studies show that targeting lncRNAs and molecules associated with the STAT3 signaling pathway are promising therapeutic strategies for various cancers. This review highlighted the mechanisms of the upstream lncRNAs of the STAT3 signaling pathway.
Dor Mohammad Kordi-Tamandani; Zohreh Rezaei; Akbar Dorgalaleh-Mail
Abstract
Congenital factor XIII deficiency is a very rare bleeding disorder, but because of the high rate of consanguineous marriages, it is common in Sistan and Baluchestan Province of Iran. The discovery of promoter hypermethylation of numerous miRNAs in human diseases has demonstrated an epigenetic mechanism ...
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Congenital factor XIII deficiency is a very rare bleeding disorder, but because of the high rate of consanguineous marriages, it is common in Sistan and Baluchestan Province of Iran. The discovery of promoter hypermethylation of numerous miRNAs in human diseases has demonstrated an epigenetic mechanism for aberrant miRNA expression. The present study has analyzed methylation and expression status of miR-185 and miR-132 genes in patients with inherited factor XIII deficiency in a sample of South-Eastern Iranian population. Promoter methylation of miR-185 and miR-132 was investigated by Methylation Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (MS PCR) in blood samples of 75 factor XIII deficient individuals and 74 healthy controls. Expression level of these genes was also assessed in 15 blood samples of patients and 15 healthy controls using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Analysis of miR-132 and miR-185 promoter hypermethylation did not show any significant difference between cases and controls. Relative gene expression analysis in cases (n=15) with congenital factor XIII deficiency and healthy controls (n=15) revealed no statistically significant relationship for miR-132 (p = 0.126) and miR-185 (p = 0.165) genes. Our findings indicated that promoter methylation as well as gene expression of miR-132 and miR-185 had no significant effect on etiology of factor XIII deficiency.
Balal Sadeghi; Mohammadreza Nassiri; Ali Masoudi-Nejad; Mojtaba Tahmoorespour; Hesam Dehghani; Hamed Ahmadi
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a class of noncoding and regulatory RNA molecules about 22 nucleotides in
length. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression by an RNA interfering pathway through cleavage or inhibition of
the translation of target mRNA. Many miRNAs have been reported for their important roles in developmental
processes ...
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MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a class of noncoding and regulatory RNA molecules about 22 nucleotides in
length. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression by an RNA interfering pathway through cleavage or inhibition of
the translation of target mRNA. Many miRNAs have been reported for their important roles in developmental
processes in various animals, but there is limited information about cattle and sheep miRNAs. The comparative
genomics approach due to their conserved nature is a good source for the miRNAs discovery. Cattle and sheep
are ideal model organisms for biological and comparative genomics studies. In our study, a computational
method based on expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis was used for detection of cattle and sheep miRNAs. In
cattle, 25 miRNA candidates found by homology searching frequently clustered at certain chromosomes and
28 miRNAs in sheep had been detected. Our results show that the cattle and sheep miRNA database can be
providing useful information for investigating biological functions of miRNAs in cattle and sheep.
Furthermore, the bioinformatics approach is a good manner for studying these functions.
