Fatemeh Moosawi; Hassan Mohabatkar; Sasan Mohsenzadeh
Abstract
Flaviviridae are viruses that cause several diseases including Dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis, Murray Valley encephalitis, Tick-borne encephalitis, West Nile encephalitis, Yellow fever and Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Members of this family have monopartite, linear, single-stranded RNA genomes of ...
Read More
Flaviviridae are viruses that cause several diseases including Dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis, Murray Valley encephalitis, Tick-borne encephalitis, West Nile encephalitis, Yellow fever and Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Members of this family have monopartite, linear, single-stranded RNA genomes of positive polarity, 9.6-12.3 kb in length. Here, we have analyzed the codon usage of 13 species of this family by using gene infinity pakage. Base and amino acid composition analysis was also performed by CAIcal server and PseAAC web-sever respectively. The results showed that the highest number of A, G and C bases were seen in the RNA genome of Dengue virus 2, Tick borne encephalitis virus and Hepatitis C virus respectively. Although the number of U base used in RNA genomes was very close, the highest U nucleotide amount was 23.77% in Wesselsbron virus. The lowest number of C, G, U and A bases was seen in Bovine viral diarrhea virus, Dengue virus 2, Tick borne encephalitis virus and Hepatitis C virus respectively. In this study, it is found that the complete genome of classical swine fever virus has a lower GC content and genome of Tick borne encephalitis virus, Hepatitis C virus and Powassan virus have a higher GC content than other species. We also classified the amino acids as rare (Phenylalanine, Cysteine, Histidine, Methionine, Asparagine, Glutamine, Tryptophan and Tyrosine), frequent (Alanine, Glutamic acid, Glycine, Leucine, Valine and Threonine), and intermediate (all others). The highest and the lowest number of preferred codons exist in Wesselsbron virus and West Nile virus, respectively.
Sasan Mohsenzadeh; Sahar Sadeghi; Hassan Mohabatkar; Ali Niazi
Abstract
Osmotic stress is one of the major factors that significantly reduce yields in dry areas. Plants respond to this
abiotic stress at physiological and molecular levels. Many genes are induced under stress conditions by
transcription factors. Dehydration responsive element binding (DREB) protein is a ...
Read More
Osmotic stress is one of the major factors that significantly reduce yields in dry areas. Plants respond to this
abiotic stress at physiological and molecular levels. Many genes are induced under stress conditions by
transcription factors. Dehydration responsive element binding (DREB) protein is a subfamily of AP2/ERF
transcription factors which control expression of many osmotic stress-inducible genes. In this study, 21 days
old seedlings of Sardari cultivar, dry farming bread wheat transferred into hydroponics culture using Hoagland
solution. Osmotic stress treatments performed with adding 100, 200 and 400 g/l poly-ethylene glycol 6000 to
hydroponics culture to obtain –0.15, –0.49, and –1.76 MPa water potential, respectively. After the seedlings
were withered and colorless, relative water content, dry weight, and photosynthesis measured. In addition, RTPCR,
and cDNA sequencing carried out. Molecular analysis of DREB translated protein sequence performed
by DNAMAN, BLASTN, Pfam and PROSITE software. Results showed that osmotic stress decreased relative
water content, root and shoot dry weight and net photosynthesis rate in comparison to control, significantly (P
< 0.05). Sequence alignment indicated 98% homology with other Triticum aestivum DREB protein mRNA.
There was an AP2 domain in the translated protein with three -sheets and one -helix and contains the Val14
and Glu19 amino acids. An EST Sequence deposited in NCBI GenBank database with the accession number of
ES466900.
