Document Type : Review / Mini-Review
Authors
1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
2 Department of biology
Abstract
Mitophagy occurs exclusively in the mitochondrial organ, itself considered one of the types of autophagy and plays a very specific role in cellular functions as well as in controlling tissue expansion. So knowing this process as much as possible can help us understand many of the cell processes, especially the cell aging process, as well as the pathways that cause physiological diseases.
In the process of mitophagy in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, three genes are directly involved, namely ATG 11, ATG 32, and ATG 8. This process has been researched for many years, but winning the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology for his discoveries of mechanisms for Autophagy by Yoshinori Ohsumi caused the world's attention to this cellular mechanism.
In recent years, the Saccharomyces cell model has received a lot of attention in understanding the process of cell aging and chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and many types of cancer, and this article reviews the importance of the above genes and specifically examines the pathway in cervical Saccharomyces.
The specific Autophagy of each organelle can help cure painful and chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and many types of cancer. They hope that by finding the mechanisms, Autophagy can make it more active or keep it active until the end of life, and in this way, it can cure these diseases or at least help cure a lot. This review article attempts to introduce and overview the role of key genes in the process.
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