Marzieh Taghizadeh; Sara Soltanian; Nahid Nasibi
Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine the volatile and non-volatile fractions and the antioxidant and anti-cancer activities of ethanolic extracts of Dracocephalum polychaetum and D. kotschyi. The volatile and non-volatile fractions were investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) ...
Read More
The present study was conducted to determine the volatile and non-volatile fractions and the antioxidant and anti-cancer activities of ethanolic extracts of Dracocephalum polychaetum and D. kotschyi. The volatile and non-volatile fractions were investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The cytotoxicity effect of two ethanol extracts and the major phenolic components has been evaluated on breast and colon cancer cells by the MMT assay. GC-MS of the essential oils identified about 50 compounds, and perillylaldehyde and D-limonene were the main constituents in the essential oils of the two species. Moreover, high-performance liquid chromatography- Diode array detector analysis demonstrated that the ethanolic extract of D. polychaetum and D. kotschyi were the source of phenolic compounds such as rosmarinic acid, protocatechuic acid, naringin, apigenin, syringic acid, epicatechin, chlorogenic acid, thymol, carvacrol, rutin, p-coumaric acid, gallic acid, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, resorcinol, quercetin, salicylic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and ferulic acid. Rosmarinic acid and thymol were the main predominant phenolic constituents in D. kotschyi and D. polychaetum ethanolic extracts. The cytotoxicity effect of D. kotschyi and D. polychaetum ethanol extracts and the major phenolic components including rosmarinic acid, thymol, apigenin, quercetin, and nariginin has been evaluated on breast and colon cancer cells by MMT assay and results indicated IC50 values in the range of 90 to 140 (µg.ml-1) after 48 hours of treatment with ethanol extracts. Among phenolic components, thymol caused the lowest cell viability and Narengin showed the lowest anti-proliferative activity. Both extracts also showed antioxidant activity using DPPH assay. The findings of this research suggest that the Dracocephalum have precious bioactive and natural compounds with significant antioxidant and in vitro anti-cancer activities.
Samaneh Attaran Dowom; Ahmad Reza Bahrami; Parwaneh Abrishamchi; Morvarid Saeinasab
Abstract
Essential oils, with plant origin, have been of special attention in cancer research during recent years. Despite many reports on cytotoxic effects of plants from genus salvia, the potential application of their extracts in cancer therapy remains to be assessed in more precise and detailed examinations ...
Read More
Essential oils, with plant origin, have been of special attention in cancer research during recent years. Despite many reports on cytotoxic effects of plants from genus salvia, the potential application of their extracts in cancer therapy remains to be assessed in more precise and detailed examinations on the main cause of such effects. In this research, the cytotoxic effect and anticancer activity of essential oils from S. leriifolia on human Transitional Cell Carcinomaa (TCC) were studied in vitro. The antiproliferative activity of essential oils on TCC and L929 (control) cells was determined by 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, by which the mitochondrial dehydrogenase enzyme activity is assessed based on reduction of the MTT to purple. The amount of essential oils to induce 50% of cells to die, designated as IC50, was determined by repeated experiments and application of different doses of the essence. The established IC50 on TCC cells for the essences extracted in two different years of 2006 and 2008 and from two locations of Bajestan and Neyshabour was respectively as: 466 and 250 μg/ml, and 233 and 212 μg/ml. S. leriifolia essential oil did not show any detectable effect on L929 cells in this range of concentration. S. leriifolia essential oil has inhibitory effects on the growth of both TCC and normal L929 cell lines, although the effective concentrations were significantly different in these cell lines. This effect was dose dependent.
