Saeideh Nakhaei-Rad
Abstract
Small GTPases of RAS act as central regulators of intracellular signal transduction and translate external stimuli to the various cellular responses. Embryonic stem cell expressed RAS (ERAS) is a member of the RAS family that is specifically expressed in undifferentiated mouse embryonic ...
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Small GTPases of RAS act as central regulators of intracellular signal transduction and translate external stimuli to the various cellular responses. Embryonic stem cell expressed RAS (ERAS) is a member of the RAS family that is specifically expressed in undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cells, hepatic stellate cells and diverse human tumors, such as gastric, breast, brain, pancreatic, and colorectal tumors. Although ERAS belongs to GTPase family, it is an inefficient enzyme to hydrolyze GTP to GDP. Therefore, it remains mainly in its GTP-bound active form and contributes to sustained signal transduction. In comparison with classical members (HRAS, NRAS and KRAS4B), ERAS is known as a unique member, due to its temporal expression, remarkable amino acid sequence deviations and functional differences. Notably, ERAS has been recently proposed as a potential marker for drug resistance in several human tumors. In this minireview, I compare in great detail the biochemical properties of ERAS with conventional members of the RAS family, and discuss the main ERAS function in the control of the PI3K-AKT-mTORC survival pathway. Targeting this pathway may sensitize ERAS expressing cell populations to chemotherapy.
Akram Siavoshi; Mahdieh Taghizadeh; Elahe Dookhe; Mehran Piran; Mahsa Saliani; Shahla Mohammad Ganji
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), as a challenging disease among women with poor prognosis and unclear molecular pathogenesis, each year is responsible for 140000 deaths globally. Recent progress in the field revealed the importance of proteins as key players of different biological ...
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Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), as a challenging disease among women with poor prognosis and unclear molecular pathogenesis, each year is responsible for 140000 deaths globally. Recent progress in the field revealed the importance of proteins as key players of different biological events. Considering the complicated protein interactions, taking a deeper look at protein-protein interactions (PPIs) could be considered as a superior strategy to unravel complex mechanisms encountered with regulatory cell signaling pathways of ovarian cancer. Hence, PPI network analysis was performed on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of ovarian cancer to discover hub genes which have the potential to be introduced as biomarkers with clinical utility. A PPI network with 600 DEGs was constructed. Network topology analysis determined UBC, FN1, SPP1, ACTB, GAPDH, JUN, and RPL13A, with the highest Degree (K) and betweenness centrality (BC), as shortcuts of the network. KEGG pathway analysis showed that these genes are commonly enriched in ribosome and ECM-receptor interaction pathways. These pivotal hub genes, mainly UBC, FN1, RPL13A, SPP1, and JUN have been reported previously as potential prognostic biomarkers of different types of cancer. However, further experimental molecular studies and computational processes are required to confirm the function and association of the identified hub genes with epithelial ovarian cancer prognosis.
Atieh Teymoori; Mojtaba Teimoori; Madjid Momeni-Moghaddam
Abstract
For 50 years, the term gene is synonymous with regions of the genome gene that coding by mRNAs and translate to protein. nonetheless, Genome wide Recent studies have revealed that regulating gene expression through degradation or translational inhibition of their point mRNAs and thus attend in a wide ...
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For 50 years, the term gene is synonymous with regions of the genome gene that coding by mRNAs and translate to protein. nonetheless, Genome wide Recent studies have revealed that regulating gene expression through degradation or translational inhibition of their point mRNAs and thus attend in a wide variety of physiological and pathological cellular processes including: development, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis pathways by thousands of regulatory non coding RNA such as lncRNAs and microRNAs. According to a recent survey, it is known this RNAs have vital role in regulation cellular pathways at transcriptional, posttranscriptional and epigenetic levels. These noncoding genes are often aberrantly expressed in a variety of human cancers. However, the biological functions of most ncRNAs remain largely in doubt. In this review, we proved that a remarkable part of the genetic etiology of cancer is imposed by noncoding regulatory sequences. The purpose of this review is aimed to give an outlook of using of noncoding RNA as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. These observations emphasized that the recognition of coding genes and Research continued evolution and function of non-coding RNAs for a comprehensive understanding human complex diseases like cancer are essential.
Sasan Mohsenzadeh; Leila Najafi; Zahra Amirghofran; Ahmad Reza Khosravi
Abstract
Abstract
The antineoplastic activities of alcoholic and aqueous extracts of the roots, stems and leaves of Isatis campylocarpa an endemic species of the Brassicaceae family from Iran, investigated on the growth of Jurkat as an acute lymphocytic leukemia cell line, K562 as a chronic myelogenous leukemia ...
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Abstract
The antineoplastic activities of alcoholic and aqueous extracts of the roots, stems and leaves of Isatis campylocarpa an endemic species of the Brassicaceae family from Iran, investigated on the growth of Jurkat as an acute lymphocytic leukemia cell line, K562 as a chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line and Fen as a bladder cancer cell line using colorimetric assay. Results showed that 1 to 200 μg/ml concentrations of all the extracts inhibited the proliferation of the cells and may be it relate to the Indirubin compounds. The maximum effect on the Jurkat cells observed for the aqueous root extract. The effect of the extracts on the Jurkat cells was greater than on the K562 cells, which may be indicate more sensitivity to lymphocytic cells than myeloid ones.
